𝐏𝐀𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐑𝐒 𝐓𝐎𝐃𝐀𝐘 – 𝐂𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐄𝐑𝐒 𝐓𝐎𝐌𝐎𝐑𝐑𝐎𝐖
- Madhukar Dama
- Oct 5
- 10 min read
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𝐏𝐀𝐈𝐍 𝐈𝐒 𝐀 𝐒𝐈𝐆𝐍𝐀𝐋, 𝐍𝐎𝐓 𝐀 𝐃𝐈𝐒𝐄𝐀𝐒𝐄
𝐏𝐚𝐢𝐧 is the body’s alarm. It appears when something goes wrong — an injury, inflammation, infection, or imbalance.
When this signal is silenced again and again with painkillers, the real disease continues silently.
Over time, the repeated use of tablets causes damage to organs and weakens the body’s natural defense, which finally results in serious diseases, including cancers.
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𝐇𝐎𝐖 𝐏𝐀𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐑𝐒 𝐖𝐎𝐑𝐊 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐖𝐇𝐘 𝐓𝐇𝐄𝐘 𝐀𝐑𝐄 𝐃𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐄𝐑𝐎𝐔𝐒
𝐏𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐤𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫𝐬 do not heal. They only block the signal from reaching the brain.
They bring temporary comfort but silently injure vital organs.
𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐥 (𝐂𝐫𝐨𝐜𝐢𝐧, 𝐃𝐨𝐥𝐨, 𝐓𝐲𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐨𝐥): harms the liver and over time leads to liver cancer.
𝐍𝐒𝐀𝐈𝐃𝐬 (𝐁𝐫𝐮𝐟𝐞𝐧, 𝐕𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐧, 𝐍𝐚𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐱𝐞𝐧, 𝐌𝐞𝐟𝐞𝐧𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐜 𝐀𝐜𝐢𝐝): damage the stomach, intestines, and kidneys, leading to stomach, colon, and kidney cancers.
𝐎𝐩𝐢𝐨𝐢𝐝𝐬 (𝐓𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐚𝐝𝐨𝐥, 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐩𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐞, 𝐅𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐲𝐥): suppress the immune system and allow cancer cells to grow freely.
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𝐄𝐗𝐀𝐌𝐏𝐋𝐄𝐒 𝐅𝐑𝐎𝐌 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐅𝐄
1. A man with arthritis takes Brufen daily for ten years → develops stomach cancer.
2. A woman with headaches uses paracetamol every other day → develops liver cancer.
3. A man with back pain uses tramadol for years → develops lung cancer.
4. A woman takes mefenamic acid monthly for period pain → develops colon cancer.
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𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐌𝐎𝐍 𝐌𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐀𝐊𝐄𝐒 𝐓𝐇𝐀𝐓 𝐋𝐄𝐀𝐃 𝐓𝐎 𝐂𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐄𝐑
Buying painkillers without medical advice.
Taking them daily for the same pain without asking the cause.
Believing “pain gone = problem solved.”
Ignoring persistent pain beyond 2–4 weeks.
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐇𝐓 𝐏𝐀𝐓𝐇 𝐓𝐎 𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐓𝐇
The correct way is not to silence pain but to identify and cure its cause.
This is achieved by following the four healing pillars of traditional wisdom:
1. 𝐀̄𝐡𝐚̄𝐫 (Food): Eat clean, natural, and balanced meals. Avoid processed, oily, and chemical foods.
2. 𝐕𝐢𝐡𝐚̄𝐫 (Lifestyle): Keep regular sleep, balanced work, exercise, and relaxation. Avoid late nights and irregular routines.
3. 𝐘𝐨𝐠 (Yoga): Practice daily stretches, breathing, and meditation to balance the body and reduce inflammation.
4. 𝐀𝐮𝐬̣𝐚𝐝𝐡 (Medicine): Use medicine only when needed, under supervision, in minimal dose and duration.
This fourfold approach cures from the root, not by hiding symptoms.
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𝐏𝐀𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐑𝐒 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐓𝐇𝐄𝐈𝐑 𝐀𝐒𝐒𝐎𝐂𝐈𝐀𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐂𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐄𝐑𝐒
Below is a factual list of commonly used painkillers and the types of cancer that have been linked with their prolonged or heavy use in scientific studies.
This section is for awareness only, not for diagnosis or prescription.
1. 𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐥 (𝐂𝐫𝐨𝐜𝐢𝐧, 𝐃𝐨𝐥𝐨, 𝐓𝐲𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐨𝐥) – Associated with liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) [1][2], kidney cancer [3], and blood cancers (leukemia, lymphoma) [4].
2. 𝐈𝐛𝐮𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐟𝐞𝐧 (𝐁𝐫𝐮𝐟𝐞𝐧, 𝐈𝐛𝐮𝐠𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐜, 𝐀𝐝𝐯𝐢𝐥) – Linked with kidney cancer [5] and stomach/small intestine cancers [6].
3. 𝐃𝐢𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐟𝐞𝐧𝐚𝐜 (𝐕𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐧, 𝐕𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐧, 𝐂𝐚𝐭𝐚𝐟𝐥𝐚𝐦) – Associated with liver cancer [7] and kidney/bladder cancers [8].
4. 𝐍𝐚𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐱𝐞𝐧 (𝐍𝐚𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐬𝐲𝐧, 𝐒𝐲𝐧𝐟𝐥𝐞𝐱, 𝐀𝐥𝐞𝐯𝐞) – Linked with gastric (stomach) cancer [9] and kidney cancer [10].
5. 𝐌𝐞𝐟𝐞𝐧𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐜 𝐀𝐜𝐢𝐝 (𝐌𝐞𝐟𝐭𝐚𝐥, 𝐏𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧) – Associated with colon/colorectal cancer [11] and kidney cancers [12].
6. 𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐧 (𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐜𝐢𝐝, 𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐜𝐢𝐧) – Linked with esophageal and gastric cancers [13].
7. 𝐂𝐞𝐥𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐱𝐢𝐛 (𝐂𝐞𝐥𝐞𝐛𝐫𝐞𝐱) – Associated with bladder and prostate cancers when used long-term [14].
8. 𝐓𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐚𝐝𝐨𝐥 (𝐔𝐥𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐭, 𝐔𝐥𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐦) – Associated with lung, liver, and colorectal cancers [15][16].
9. 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐩𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐞 (𝐌𝐒 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐧, 𝐃𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐩𝐡) – Associated with overall higher cancer incidence and faster tumor growth [17][18].
10. 𝐂𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐢𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐩𝐢𝐨𝐢𝐝𝐬 (𝐎𝐱𝐲𝐜𝐨𝐝𝐨𝐧𝐞, 𝐅𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐲𝐥) – Associated with pancreatic, lung, and bladder cancers [19][20].
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𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐌𝐄𝐒𝐒𝐀𝐆𝐄
𝐏𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐤𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐭𝐨𝐝𝐚𝐲 = 𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐭𝐨𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐫𝐨𝐰.
𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐩𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐢𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐞 𝐩𝐮𝐬𝐡𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐛𝐨𝐝𝐲 𝐭𝐨𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐞.
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐭 𝐰𝐚𝐲 𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐧, 𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐲 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐞, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐢𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐠𝐡 𝐀̄𝐡𝐚̄𝐫, 𝐕𝐢𝐡𝐚̄𝐫, 𝐘𝐨𝐠 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐀𝐮𝐬̣𝐚𝐝𝐡.
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𝐏𝐀𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐑𝐒 𝐓𝐎𝐃𝐀𝐘 – 𝐂𝐀𝐍𝐂𝐄𝐑𝐒 𝐓𝐎𝐌𝐎𝐑𝐑𝐎𝐖
𝐀 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐃𝐢𝐚𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐮𝐞 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐃𝐫. 𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫 𝐃𝐚𝐦𝐚 𝐚𝐭 𝐘𝐞𝐥𝐦𝐚𝐝𝐚𝐠𝐢
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐄𝐓𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐆
It is dawn at Dr. Madhukar Dama’s off-grid homestead near Yelmadagi.
The sun is rising behind the hills. Birds call from the tamarind trees.
A circle of chairs is set near a mud-brick verandah. Steam from freshly made black tea rises in clay cups.
Madhukar has invited a few people for a dialogue — not a lecture — on health, pain, and the quiet dangers of our habits.
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐈𝐏𝐀𝐍𝐓𝐒
Dr. Madhukar Dama – Holistic healer, living simply off-grid.
Ramesh – A farmer and daily-wage labourer.
Sunita – Homemaker and caregiver.
Meera – College student preparing for exams.
Mr. Patel – Local pharmacist from nearby town.
Dr. Rao – Allopathic general physician from Kalaburagi.
Asha – Yoga and physiotherapy teacher.
Ms. Kumar – ASHA worker from the nearby village.
Dr. Singh – Oncologist visiting from Bengaluru.
Prof. Sharma – Academic and skeptic.
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𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐍𝐈𝐍𝐆
(Soft morning light. Everyone settles with tea cups in hand.)
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: Welcome, my friends. Thank you for coming all the way to Yelmadagi so early.
Out here, we live close to nature. When the body speaks, we listen. Pain is one such voice.
But in today’s world, we silence it with pills. That’s why I titled our discussion — “Painkillers Today – Cancers Tomorrow.”
Let’s explore together why this happens and what we can do differently.
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐈𝐑𝐒𝐓 𝐐𝐔𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍
𝐑𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐬𝐡: Doctor, I take Brufen every day for knee pain. Without it, I can’t go to the fields.
Is that really dangerous? It’s just a small tablet.
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: Ramesh, that small tablet works like a whip. It forces your body to work even when it’s asking you to rest.
It gives relief, yes — but daily use burns the stomach lining, stresses the kidneys, and damages the liver.
The body repairs again and again, and every repair is a chance for mistakes — that’s how cancers start.
𝐑𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐬𝐡: (quietly) I thought painkillers made me strong.
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: No, they make you silent while damage continues. Strength is in healing, not in hiding.
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐘𝐎𝐔𝐍𝐆 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄
𝐌𝐞𝐞𝐫𝐚: I take Meftal every month for period pain. My friends do the same. Should I stop?
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: Not stop suddenly. But understand — monthly use for years can injure the intestines and colon.
There are studies linking long-term mefenamic acid to colon cancers. Instead, you can reduce pain by food, warmth, yoga, and correcting deficiencies.
𝐌𝐞𝐞𝐫𝐚: So, pain is not bad?
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: Pain is not an enemy. It is your body’s alarm. When you mute it without listening, you lose your inner warning system.
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐅𝐀𝐌𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐒𝐏𝐄𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐕𝐄
𝐒𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐚: In our house, Dolo and Brufen are common. My husband takes them every few days for back pain.
I keep them ready in the kitchen. What else can I do?
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: You’re not alone, Sunita. But these medicines should not sit next to spices — they are not everyday items.
Pain that comes again and again needs reason, not routine tablets.
Start with posture correction, warm compress, rest, and food that reduces inflammation — that’s the real treatment.
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐇𝐀𝐑𝐌𝐀𝐂𝐘 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄
𝐌𝐫. 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐥: People come to me daily asking for “strong painkiller.”
Some even demand Tramadol without prescription. If I say no, they find another shop.
They think painkillers are like tea — one in the morning, one at night.
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: That’s the new addiction — not to the drug, but to comfort.
We have built a culture that avoids discomfort instead of understanding it.
Mr. Patel, you can help by educating your customers: one line, one warning —
“If you need this tablet every day, you need a doctor, not more tablets.”
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑’𝐒 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄
𝐃𝐫. 𝐑𝐚𝐨: People often come after months of self-medication.
For short-term pain, painkillers are fine. But for long pain, we must investigate.
When doctors only give more tablets, patients feel better temporarily — but we are hiding disease, not treating it.
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: True. That’s where modern medicine must combine with holistic sense —
diagnose clearly, treat gently, and heal fully.
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐘𝐎𝐆𝐀 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐕𝐈𝐇𝐀𝐑 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄
𝐀𝐬𝐡𝐚: Many pains are lifestyle-made. Wrong sitting, poor sleep, no movement.
Simple yoga — Bhujangasana, Pawanmuktasana, and slow breathing — can relieve back and joint pain.
Adding turmeric, ginger, and warm water helps inflammation.
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: That’s our path — Āhār (food), Vihār (lifestyle), Yog (discipline), and Auṣadh (medicine only when essential).
Modern medicine is precious, but overuse makes it poison.
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐕𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐀𝐆𝐄 𝐕𝐎𝐈𝐂𝐄
𝐌𝐬. 𝐊𝐮𝐦𝐚𝐫 (ASHA): Doctor, you should see what happens in villages.
People don’t go to clinics. They go straight to the pharmacy.
Women take Brufen for period pain and go to work in the fields.
Men buy Dolo and say, “I can’t waste a day in bed.”
Neighbours share leftover tablets — even for children.
They think tests are a luxury and medicine is the shortcut.
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: That’s the real India you’ve described, Ms. Kumar.
Painkillers have become the common man’s breakfast.
This behaviour — daily tablets without diagnosis — is the invisible bridge between comfort and cancer.
𝐌𝐬. 𝐊𝐮𝐦𝐚𝐫: I’ll start telling them this truth during my home visits.
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐒𝐂𝐈𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐅𝐈𝐂 𝐄𝐗𝐏𝐋𝐀𝐍𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍
𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐟. 𝐒𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐦𝐚: But doctor, saying “painkillers cause cancer” — isn’t that too strong?
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: Professor, it’s not an instant cause. It’s a long chain.
Paracetamol injures liver cells → repeated damage → scarring → cancer risk.
NSAIDs damage stomach and kidney → chronic repair cycles → mutations.
Opioids weaken immunity → abnormal cells survive.
That’s the link. Not magic. Just biology.
𝐃𝐫. 𝐒𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐡: I can confirm as an oncologist — chronic injury and immune weakness are real cancer pathways.
Every repeated harm increases risk. It’s not a threat; it’s a fact.
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𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐂𝐇𝐄𝐂𝐊𝐋𝐈𝐒𝐓 𝐎𝐅 𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐋 𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐆
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: Let’s end with what we should do.
Say this with me — slow and clear.
1. If pain lasts more than 2 weeks — I will see a doctor.
2. I will not take painkillers daily or monthly without reason.
3. I will never mix paracetamol with alcohol.
4. I will not use Tramadol or Morphine without medical advice.
5. I will follow Āhār, Vihār, Yog, and Auṣadh in that order.
6. I will listen to my body instead of silencing it.
(Everyone repeats softly. The sound of birds returns.)
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𝐂𝐋𝐎𝐒𝐈𝐍𝐆 𝐑𝐄𝐅𝐋𝐄𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍
𝐑𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐬𝐡: I’ll reduce my tablets and try stretching every morning.
𝐌𝐞𝐞𝐫𝐚: I’ll keep a pain diary and focus on food and rest.
𝐌𝐫. 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐥: I’ll display a warning in my shop — “Painkillers today, cancers tomorrow.”
𝐌𝐬. 𝐊𝐮𝐦𝐚𝐫: I’ll tell every family in my village — medicine without reason is slow poison.
𝐃𝐫. 𝐒𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐡: Prevention like this saves more lives than any hospital treatment.
𝐌𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐮𝐤𝐚𝐫: (smiles) That’s our goal.
We heal not by adding more medicines, but by removing ignorance.
Listen to your body. Let pain guide you.
That is the beginning of wisdom — and the end of disease.
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𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐈𝐬 𝐍𝐨𝐭 𝐘𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐇𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐞𝐫
-- 𝐀 𝐖𝐚𝐫𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐀𝐥𝐥 𝐋𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐏𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐤𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫𝐬
---
The pill does not cure you.
It only shuts you up.
You take it,
the pain stops shouting,
but the wound keeps growing.
That is the truth.
Painkillers do not heal.
They block the message.
The message was important.
It was saying something is wrong.
Every time you kill pain,
you also kill awareness.
You break the bridge
between your body and your mind.
You start living in a quiet disaster.
---
The body is honest.
It never lies.
It hurts when it needs help.
You called it trouble.
You punished it with tablets.
You trusted the pill.
The pill betrayed you slowly.
It hurt your stomach.
It burned your liver.
It made your kidneys tired.
It numbed your nerves.
It trained you to forget yourself.
---
This is not opinion.
This is biology.
Liver cells break down paracetamol
until they break themselves.
Kidneys filter NSAIDs
until they fail.
Opioids slow your breath
and silence your immune guards.
That’s not healing.
That’s damage disguised as relief.
---
The painkiller is not a medicine anymore.
It has become a habit.
It has become your god.
You obey it without thought.
You bow every time pain returns.
You believe obedience is safety.
It is not.
It is submission to decay.
---
The truth is simple.
Long-term painkillers destroy organs.
Destroyed organs invite cancers.
Cancers grow when cells repair without rest.
Every pill adds another repair.
Every repair adds another mistake.
That is how disease begins.
---
Pain is not your enemy.
Pain is your messenger.
It calls for correction, not suppression.
When you suppress, you lose the signal.
When you listen, you find the cause.
Listen —
you are not meant to live without pain.
You are meant to understand it.
---
There is a right way to heal.
Correct your food.
Correct your sleep.
Correct your posture.
Breathe properly.
Move your body.
Stay hydrated.
Use medicine only when absolutely necessary.
That is the real cure.
---
Painkillers today mean cancers tomorrow.
That is not poetry.
That is fact.
If you take them daily,
you are damaging your body daily.
You cannot escape that truth.
Your body remembers every dose.
Your liver keeps count.
Your kidneys record every injury.
Your gut adds every scar.
One day they will speak together.
And you will call it a diagnosis.
---
Do not wait for that day.
Stop now.
Heal with discipline, not dependence.
Eat clean.
Rest enough.
Move daily.
Face pain.
Study it.
Treat it.
Don’t bury it.
---
Every pain has a root.
Every root can be reached.
No pill can do that for you.
Only understanding can.
That is healing.
That is medicine.
That is truth.
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐢𝐬 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐲𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐞𝐫.
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐛𝐨𝐝𝐲 𝐢𝐬.
– by Dr. Madhukar Dama
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𝐁𝐈𝐁𝐋𝐈𝐎𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐏𝐇𝐘
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